|
INVESTIGATIONS
|
Stone |
RI min |
RI max |
Biref min |
Biref max |
Dens min |
Dens max |
Colour |
Locality |
Info |
nx min |
nx max |
ny min |
ny max |
nz min |
nz max |
Spectrum |
UVS |
UVL |
Reference |
|
Actinolite |
1,6 |
1,63 |
0,03 |
0,03 |
|
|
green |
Pakistan |
|
1,600 |
1,600 |
1,613 |
1,613 |
1,630 |
1,630 |
|
|
|
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift
der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2000 Sep, p122 |
|
Nephrite |
1,6 |
1,6 |
|
|
2,74 |
2,96 |
white and white-green to
a rarer yellowish green and green |
Val Malenco, Italy |
opaque, cabochon 3.33 -
25.34 ct, 70 - 100% (green) tremolite and 30 % (white) - 0% calcite |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 2013
Summer, p98-106 |
|
Nephrite |
1,6 |
1,63 |
|
|
2,99 |
2,99 |
white, with black
dendritic inclusions |
Dahua, Guangxi, China |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 2020
Winter, p545 |
|
Nephrite |
1,602 |
1,625 |
0,023 |
0,023 |
|
|
|
Jordanow, Silesia, Poland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zeitschrift der Deutschen
Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1988 36, Nr 3/4,p153-160 |
|
Nephrite |
1,61 |
1,61 |
|
|
2,95 |
2,96 |
mottled green (dyed) |
|
cabochons, 6.38-7.12 ct,
spot RI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad dye band in the red
region about 660nm |
|
|
Gems & Gemology 1995
Spring, p55 |
|
Actinolite |
1,61 |
1,63 |
0,024 |
0,024 |
3,04 |
3,04 |
green |
Tanzania |
1.05 ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift
der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2013 62/1-2, Jun, p33-34 |
|
Nephrite |
1,61 |
1,61 |
|
|
2,89 |
2,89 |
light slightly grayish
yellowish green |
Poschiavo, Graubünden,
Switserland |
cabochon 13.66ct, RI spot |
|
|
|
|
|
|
no features |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34974 |
|
Nephrite |
1,613 |
1,63 |
0,017 |
0,017 |
|
|
dark green |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South African Gemmologist
1997 11 (1), p13 |
|
Nephrite |
1,613 |
1,617 |
|
|
2,98 |
2,99 |
green |
DJ project, Washington
State, USA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
The Journal of Gemmology
2023 38 (5), p494-511 |
|
Actinolite |
1,616 |
1,641 |
0,025 |
0,025 |
3,03 |
3,03 |
green |
|
transparent |
1,616 |
1,616 |
1,633 |
1,633 |
1,641 |
1,641 |
|
|
|
The Journal of Gemmology
1972 N°1, p8 |
|
Actinolite |
1,619 |
1,639 |
0,02 |
0,02 |
3,08 |
3,08 |
brownish yellow |
Mandalay, Myanmar |
17.86 ct, transparent,
biaxial - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
weak yellowish green |
|
GIA Gem Database 34539 |
|
Actinolite |
1,62 |
1,64 |
0,02 |
0,02 |
3,06 |
3,06 |
dark bluish green |
Tanzania |
5.44 ct, biaxial - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
445nm line |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34990 |
|
Nephrite |
1,62 |
1,62 |
|
|
2,96 |
3,01 |
greenish white, pale
yellowish-green to pale green, rarely deep green |
Chuncheon, South-Korea |
translucent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
The Journal of Gemmology
1995 Vol 24, N°8, p547 |
|
Nephrite |
1,625 |
1,65 |
|
|
3,015 |
3,405 |
black |
Guanxi, China |
composed mainly of
actinolite and ferro-actinolite |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 2019
Summer, p 198-214 |
|
Nephrite |
|
|
|
|
2,77 |
2,9 |
white |
Luodian, Guizhou
Province, China |
mainly composed of tremolite, and parts of
the samples contain a small amount of quartz |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 2018
Fall, p316-317 |
TABLES
|
Stone |
RI
min |
RI
max |
Biref
min |
Biref
max |
Dens
min |
Dens
max |
nx
min |
nx
max |
ny
min |
ny
max |
nz
min |
nz
max |
Reference |
|
Actinolite |
1.6 |
1.653 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
3 |
3.2 |
1.600 |
1.633 |
|
|
1.630 |
1.653 |
Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine,
Birgit Günther, 1981 |
|
Nephrite |
1.6 |
1.641 |
0.027 |
0.027 |
2.9 |
3.06 |
1.600 |
1.627 |
|
|
1.614 |
1.641 |
http://www.geminterest.com |
|
Nephrite |
1.6 |
1.655 |
0.027 |
0.027 |
2.9 |
3.1 |
1.600 |
1.628 |
|
|
1.614 |
1.655 |
Gemme, Dati per l'identificazione, P. De
Stefano et al, 1993 |
|
Nephrite |
1.6 |
1.641 |
0.027 |
0.027 |
2.9 |
3.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
http://www.gemmology.be |
|
Nephrite |
1.6 |
1.614 |
0.027 |
0.027 |
2.9 |
3.02 |
1.600 |
1.627 |
|
|
1.614 |
1.641 |
Joel Arem, Color
Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 |
|
Nephrite |
1.6 |
1.641 |
0.027 |
0.03 |
2.9 |
3.02 |
1.600 |
1.627 |
|
|
1.614 |
1.641 |
Tables of
Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
|
Nephrite |
1.6 |
1.641 |
|
|
2.9 |
3.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
|
Nephrite |
1.6 |
1.641 |
|
|
2.9 |
3.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
|
Actinolite |
1.602 |
1.634 |
0.022 |
0.029 |
2.96 |
3.03 |
1.602 |
1.609 |
1.613 |
1.618 |
1.628 |
1.634 |
Tables of
Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
|
Actinolite |
1.602 |
1.655 |
0.022 |
0.027 |
3 |
3.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
|
Nephrite |
1.606 |
1.632 |
0.026 |
0.027 |
2.9 |
3.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine,
Birgit Günther, 1981 |
|
Nephrite |
1.606 |
1.632 |
0.027 |
0.027 |
2.9 |
3.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tabellen zur Edelstein-Bestimmung,
Pschichholz FGA, 1975 |
|
Actinolite |
1.607 |
1.653 |
0.02 |
0.027 |
3 |
3.44 |
1.607 |
1.633 |
|
|
1.630 |
1.653 |
Gemme, Dati per l'identificazione, P. De
Stefano et al, 1993 |
|
actinolite cat's eye |
1.607 |
1.633 |
0.014 |
0.024 |
2.98 |
3.07 |
1.607 |
1.619 |
|
|
1.630 |
1.633 |
Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine,
Birgit Günther, 1981 |
|
Nephrite |
1.61 |
1.66 |
0.024 |
0.027 |
2.95 |
3.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmo.eu
|
|
Actinolite |
1.611 |
1.639 |
0.028 |
0.028 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tables of
Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
|
Actinolite |
1.615 |
1.653 |
0.016 |
0.02 |
3.01 |
3.15 |
1.615 |
1.633 |
1.628 |
1.644 |
1.631 |
1.653 |
Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn,
2004 |
|
Actinolite |
1.615 |
1.633 |
0.014 |
0.016 |
3.01 |
3.01 |
1.615 |
1.619 |
|
|
1.631 |
1.633 |
Tables of
Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
|
Actinolite |
1.618 |
1.645 |
0.02 |
0.025 |
2.9 |
3.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmo.eu 2013 |
|
Actinolite |
1.619 |
1.644 |
0.022 |
0.026 |
3.03 |
3.44 |
1.619 |
1.622 |
1.632 |
1.634 |
1.642 |
1.644 |
Joel Arem, Color
Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 |
|
Actinolite |
1.619 |
1.644 |
0.022 |
0.026 |
3.03 |
3.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
http://www.gemmology.be |
|
Actinolite |
1.619 |
1.65 |
0.022 |
0.026 |
3 |
3.44 |
1.619 |
1.625 |
1.632 |
1.635 |
1.642 |
1.650 |
http://www.geminterest.com |
|
Actinolite |
1.619 |
1.644 |
0.022 |
0.026 |
3.03 |
3.44 |
1.619 |
1.622 |
1.632 |
1.634 |
1.642 |
1.644 |
Tables of
Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
|
Actinolite |
1.62 |
1.642 |
0.022 |
0.022 |
3 |
3.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tabellen zur Edelstein-Bestimmung,
Pschichholz FGA, 1975 |
|
Actinolite |
1.62 |
1.644 |
0.022 |
0.023 |
3.03 |
3.07 |
1.619 |
1.622 |
|
|
1.642 |
1.644 |
Gems, R Webster,
5th edition 1994 |
|
Nephrite |
1.62 |
1.63 |
|
|
2.9 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
John Sinkakas,
Gemstone and mineral data book,1972 |
|
Nephrite |
1.62 |
1.62 |
0.027 |
0.027 |
2.9 |
3.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems, R Webster,
5th edition 1994 |
|
Actinolite |
1.633 |
1.653 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
3.15 |
3.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tables of
Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
|
Actinolite |
|
|
|
|
3 |
3.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
John Sinkakas,
Gemstone and mineral data book,1972 |
CAUSE OF
COLOUR
|
Stone |
Colour |
Cause
of colour |
Reference |
|
Actinolite |
green |
Fe²+ |
Roger G. Burns,
Mineralogical applications of crystal field theory, Sec Ed, 1993 |
|
Actinolite |
green |
traces of Cr³+ |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
|
Nephrite |
yellowish green to green |
Fe²+ in octahedral coordination |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
MINERAL INCLUSIONS
LOCALITIES
|
STONE |
LOCALITIES |
REFERENCE |
|||
|
nephrite |
Cowell |
Eyre Peninsula |
South Australia |
Australia |
Dana's New
Mineralogy, Eight Edition, Richard V.Gaines e.a., 1997 |
|
nephrite |
Mount Ogden |
Omenica Mining Division |
British Columbia |
Canada |
The Journal of
Gemmology, 2000, Vol 27, N°4,p 193-200 |
|
nephrite |
Xiuyan Jade mine, Xiuyan |
Anshan Prefecture |
Liaoning Province (Manchuria) |
China |
Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p210 |
|
nephrite |
|
Kunlun Mts (Kunlun Shan) |
Xinjiang |
China |
Dana's New
Mineralogy, Eight Edition, Richard V.Gaines e.a., 1997 |
|
nephrite |
|
Paakkila |
Kuopio |
Finland |
Mineralfundstellen Skandinavien, Dr
H.-J. Wilke, 1976 |
|
nephrite |
Mastiaba Talc
mine, Monte Disgrazia |
Val Malenco |
|
Italy |
The Journal of Gemmology, 2005, 29,5/6,
305-311 |
|
Actinolite |
|
|
|
Madagascar |
Joel Arem, Color
Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 |
|
nephrite |
|
Arahura River |
South Island |
New Zealand |
Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p210 |
|
nephrite |
|
Caples |
South Island |
New Zealand |
Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p210 |
|
nephrite |
|
Dun Mountain |
South Island |
New Zealand |
Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p210 |
|
nephrite |
|
Maitai River |
South Island |
New Zealand |
Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p210 |
|
nephrite |
|
Mount Torlesse |
South Island |
New Zealand |
Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p210 |
|
nephrite |
|
Taramakau River |
South Island |
New Zealand |
Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p210 |
|
nephrite |
|
Jordanow Slaski (Jordansmühl) |
Siliesia |
Poland |
Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen
Gesellschaft, 1988,36, Nr3/4 p 153-160 |
|
nephrite |
Chun Cheon |
Seoul (100km N) |
|
South Korea |
Dana's New
Mineralogy, Eight Edition, Richard V.Gaines e.a., 1997 |
|
nephrite |
Scortaseo, Selva |
Poschiavo |
Graubünden |
Switserland |
Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz, Hans
Anton Stalder e.a., 1998 |
|
Actinolite |
|
|
|
Tanzania |
Joel Arem, Color
Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 |
|
nephrite |
Dahl Creek Head;
Asbestos Mountain; Ing-Ink Mine, Ambler District |
Northwest Arctic Borough |
Alaska |
USA |
U.S. Geological
Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 2008-1225. |
|
Actinolite |
Chester |
Windsor County |
Vermont |
USA |
Joel Arem, Color
Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 |
CHEMICAL DATA
|
Stone |
Colour |
Locality |
Reference |
SiO2 |
Al2O3 |
MnO |
MgO |
FeO |
TiO2 |
CaO |
Na2O |
Cr2O3 |
Fe2O3 |
K2O |
NiO |
P2O5 |
|
|
nephrite |
dusky green |
Cowell, Eyre
Peninsula, South Australia |
Australia |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°4,p198 |
58.82 |
1.38 |
0.12 |
22.06 |
|
0.07 |
11.24 |
0.19 |
|
1.75 |
0.11 |
|
0.14 |
|
nephrite |
black |
Cowell, Eyre
Peninsula, South Australia |
Australia |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°4,p198 |
56.09 |
0.83 |
0.07 |
20.19 |
|
0.11 |
12.32 |
0.07 |
|
7.78 |
0.15 |
|
0.06 |
|
nephrite |
dusky yelow-green |
Cowell, Eyre
Peninsula, South Australia |
Australia |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°4,p198 |
57.44 |
0.7 |
0.05 |
23.26 |
|
0.04 |
13.77 |
0.08 |
|
1.42 |
0.09 |
|
0.07 |
|
nephrite |
moderate yellowish green |
Dease Lake area,
Cassiar Mts, British Columbia |
Canada |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°4,p198 |
55.15 |
1.89 |
0.19 |
21.17 |
|
0.1 |
12.38 |
0.06 |
|
4.39 |
0.02 |
|
0.07 |
|
nephrite |
dark yellowish green |
Dease Lake area,
Cassiar Mts, British Columbia |
Canada |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°4,p198 |
54.68 |
1.93 |
0.22 |
20.92 |
|
0.15 |
12.23 |
0.05 |
|
5.77 |
0.03 |
|
0.11 |
|
nephrite |
dark yellowish green |
Mount Ogden, British Columbia |
Canada |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°4,p198 |
56.37 |
1.81 |
0.1 |
21.44 |
|
0.11 |
12.91 |
0.11 |
|
3.74 |
0.06 |
|
0.06 |
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Mount Ogden, British Columbia |
Canada |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°4,p198 |
56.23 |
1.74 |
0.09 |
21.38 |
|
0.12 |
12.88 |
0.1 |
|
3.61 |
0.06 |
|
0.08 |
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Jordanow Slaski |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2001, Vol 27, N°8, p467 |
53.21 |
1.16 |
0.8 |
20.81 |
|
|
14.08 |
|
|
2.4 |
|
|
|
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Jordanow Slaski |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2001, Vol 27, N°8, p467 |
57.26 |
1.4 |
0.74 |
19.96 |
|
|
13.19 |
|
|
4.22 |
|
|
|
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Jordanow Slaski |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2001, Vol 27, N°8, p467 |
56.93 |
1.01 |
0.71 |
19.21 |
|
|
14.54 |
|
|
4.99 |
|
|
|
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Jordanow Slaski |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2001, Vol 27, N°8, p467 |
56.39 |
1.63 |
0.26 |
24.63 |
|
|
7.92 |
|
|
5.42 |
|
0.13 |
|
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Jordanow Slaski |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2001, Vol 27, N°8, p467 |
54.44 |
5.92 |
0.22 |
16.79 |
|
0 |
7.51 |
4.64 |
|
6.28 |
0.28 |
|
|
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Jordanow Slaski |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2001, Vol 27, N°8, p467 |
56.74 |
0.93 |
0.06 |
21.75 |
|
0 |
13.09 |
0.22 |
0.13 |
4.39 |
|
0.09 |
|
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Jordanow Slaski |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2001, Vol 27, N°8, p467 |
52.58 |
6.74 |
0 |
21.02 |
|
0.12 |
9.84 |
0.54 |
|
4.48 |
0.28 |
|
|
|
nephrite |
yellowish green |
Jordanow Slaski |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2001, Vol 27, N°8, p467 |
57.58 |
1.35 |
0.15 |
20.65 |
|
0.1 |
13.1 |
0.12 |
|
4.17 |
|
|
|
|
nephrite |
pale yellowish green |
Chuncheon |
South Korea |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1995, Vol 24, N°8, p 550 |
57.54 |
0.61 |
0.12 |
23.26 |
0.39 |
0.02 |
13.42 |
0.07 |
|
|
0.05 |
|
|
|
nephrite |
greenish white |
Chuncheon |
South Korea |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1995, Vol 24, N°8, p 550 |
57.62 |
0.54 |
0.08 |
24.11 |
0.43 |
0.01 |
13.1 |
0.03 |
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
|
nephrite |
pale green |
Chuncheon |
South Korea |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1995, Vol 24, N°8, p 550 |
56.98 |
0.59 |
0.1 |
23.06 |
0.51 |
0.01 |
13.29 |
0.06 |
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
|
nephrite |
pale green |
Chuncheon |
South Korea |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1995, Vol 24, N°8, p 550 |
57.76 |
0.68 |
0.08 |
24.38 |
0.48 |
0.03 |
13.34 |
0.09 |
|
|
0.01 |
|
|