|
INVESTIGATIONS
|
Stone |
RI min |
RI max |
Biref min |
Biref max |
Dens min |
Dens max |
Colour |
Locality |
Info |
nx min |
nx max |
ny min |
ny max |
nz min |
nz max |
Spectrum |
UVS |
UVL |
Reference |
|
Titanite |
1.9 |
1.99 |
|
|
3.48 |
3.6 |
emerald green |
Chibougamau, Quebec, Canada |
0.40-0.54ct, V-bearing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen
Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1997 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.5 |
3.5 |
green |
Mettur, India |
3.26ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
lines at 535, 589, 592nm |
inert |
weak green |
GIA Gem Database 34219 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.5 |
3.5 |
dark orangy yellow |
El Alamo Mine, Mexico |
4.13ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
weak green |
GIA Gem Database 34208 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.51 |
3.54 |
yellow, brownish yellowish orange,
yellowish orange-brown |
Pakistan |
0.16 - 1.16 ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
580 nm doublet |
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 2006 Spring, p68-69 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.52 |
3.52 |
green |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACAM labo |
|
Titanite |
1.91 |
2.07 |
0.16 |
0.16 |
3.52 |
3.52 |
yellow-green |
Madagascar |
0.49ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Journal of Gemmology 1981 Vol 17, N°6, p381-385 |
|
Titanite |
1.909 |
2.099 |
0.19 |
0.19 |
3.52 |
3.52 |
dark brown |
Sri Lanka |
4.48ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Journal of Gemmology 1981 Vol 17, N°6, p381-385 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.52 |
3.54 |
yellowish-green |
Madagascar |
1.16-4.15ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen
Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2010 59/3-4, p66 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.52 |
3.52 |
yellow-green |
Archer's Post, Eastern Province, Kenya |
5.83ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 430nm |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34376 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.52 |
3.52 |
yellowish green |
Madagascar |
7.87ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
no features |
inert |
weak green |
GIA Gem Database 34430 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.52 |
3.52 |
greenish yellow |
Mexico |
6.96ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
band below 445nm |
inert |
weak green |
GIA Gem Database 34228 |
|
Titanite |
1.908 |
|
|
|
3.528 |
3.538 |
brownish yellow, yellowish-green, honey-yellow |
Sri Lanka |
1.25 - 6.48ct |
1.908 |
1.913 |
|
|
|
|
rare earth lines in the yellow |
|
|
The Journal of Gemmology 1981 Vol 17, N°8, p624-6635 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.54 |
brownish yellow, greenish yellow |
Badakhstan, Afghanistan |
transparent, strong dispersion; chelsea: weak pink |
|
|
|
|
|
|
580nm doublet and 510nm line |
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 2006 summer,
p180-182 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.54 |
green-brown , brown)green |
Pakistan |
1.52 to 4.93 ct, transparent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen
Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2009 58/3-4/Dec, p85-86 |
|
Titanite |
1.908 |
2.08 |
0.181 |
0.181 |
3.53 |
3.53 |
emerald green |
Baja California, Mexico |
4.99ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Journal of Gemmology 1981 Vol 17, N°6, p381-385 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.53 |
yellowish green |
El Alamo mine, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico |
7.85ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34216 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.53 |
greenish yellow |
El Alamo mine, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico |
8.18ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 430nm |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34206 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.53 |
yellow |
Baja California, Mexico |
1.26ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 35535 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.53 |
yellowish green |
Orissa, India |
20.86ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 430nm and above 680nm; lines at 518, 532, 538,
584, 590, 594 |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34332 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.53 |
yellowish green |
Madagascar |
13.00ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
weak green |
GIA Gem Database 34431 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.53 |
dark orangy yellow |
Mexico |
10.00ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
many lines between 518-594nm |
inert |
weak green |
GIA Gem Database 34221 |
|
Titanite |
1.908 |
2.099 |
0.16 |
0.19 |
3.54 |
3.54 |
green |
Sarany, Perm Region, central Urals |
<0.25 ct |
1.908 |
1.912 |
|
|
2.07 |
2.10 |
|
|
|
Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen
Gesellschaft 1995 44(1), p29-32 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.54 |
3.54 |
yellow |
Lake Naret, Lavizzara Valley, Ticino, Switzerland |
2.61ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 430nm and above 670nm |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34980 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.54 |
3.54 |
colour change : vivid green and yellowish green (daylight) to brownish
orange or brown |
border Pakistan/Afghanistan |
chelsea filter: strong red; V-bearing; up to 5.45ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 2011 Winter, p327 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.55 |
3.55 |
yellow-green |
Campo do Boa mine, Capelinha, Minas Gerais, Brazil |
4.18ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34298 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.56 |
3.56 |
green-yellow |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACAM labo |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.63 |
3.63 |
dark orange |
Pakistan |
3.11ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 495m ; lines at 519, 530, 533, 538, 543, 573, 580,
583, 587, 590, 595, 600, 613, 652 |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34226 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.66 |
3.66 |
green |
El Alamo mine, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico |
0.84ct, transparent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 435nm and above 675nm |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 35538 |
|
Titanite |
|
|
|
|
3.66 |
3.66 |
dark orange |
India |
2.86ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 450nm; lines at 516, 528, 532, 538, 578, 582, 585 |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34021 |
TABLES
|
Stone |
RI
min |
RI
max |
Biref
min |
Biref
max |
Dens
min |
Dens
max |
nx
min |
nx max |
ny
min |
ny
max |
nz
min |
nz
max |
Reference |
|
Titanite |
1.84 |
2.11 |
0.1 |
0.192 |
3.4 |
3.6 |
1.840 |
1.950 |
|
|
1.940 |
2.110 |
Gemme, Dati per l'identificazione, P. De
Stefano et al, 1993 |
|
Titanite |
1.842 |
2.111 |
0.1 |
0.192 |
3.44 |
3.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmo.eu 2013 |
|
Titanite |
1.843 |
2.11 |
0.16 |
0.191 |
3.45 |
3.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
http://www.gemmology.be |
|
Titanite |
1.843 |
2.11 |
0.1 |
0.192 |
3.45 |
3.55 |
1.843 |
1.950 |
1.870 |
2.034 |
1.943 |
2.110 |
Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones,
1987 |
|
Titanite |
1.843 |
2.11 |
0.051 |
0.051 |
3.45 |
3.55 |
1.843 |
1.950 |
1.870 |
2.034 |
1.943 |
2.110 |
http://www.geminterest.com |
|
Titanite |
1.843 |
2.11 |
0.1 |
0.192 |
3.45 |
3.55 |
1.843 |
1.950 |
|
|
1.943 |
2.110 |
Tables of Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne,
Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
|
Titanite |
1.88 |
2.05 |
0.12 |
0.135 |
3.45 |
3.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
John Sinkakas, Gemstone and mineral data
book,1972 |
|
Titanite |
1.88 |
2.054 |
0.1 |
0.135 |
3.5 |
3.54 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
|
Titanite |
1.882 |
2.054 |
0.105 |
0.135 |
3.5 |
3.54 |
1.882 |
1.918 |
|
|
1.990 |
2.054 |
Tabellen zur Edelstein-Bestimmung,
Pschichholz FGA, 1975 |
|
Titanite |
1.885 |
2.099 |
0.108 |
0.19 |
3.5 |
3.55 |
1.885 |
1.921 |
1.896 |
1.930 |
1.993 |
2.099 |
Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn,
2004 |
|
Titanite |
1.885 |
2.05 |
0.105 |
0.135 |
3.52 |
3.54 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems, R Webster, 5th edition 1994 |
|
Titanite |
1.9 |
2.054 |
0.1 |
0.135 |
3.5 |
3.54 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine,
Birgit Günther, 1981 |
CAUSE OF
COLOUR
|
Stone |
Colour |
Cause
of colour |
Reference |
|
Titanite |
green |
high Fe content |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
|
Titanite |
green (chrom) |
Cr³+ in octahedral coordination |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
|
Titanite |
pink |
Mn²+ in octahedral coordination, for certain Mn/Fe
ratios, as well as pink carbonate inclusions |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
MINERAL
INCLUSIONS
|
Inclusion |
Stone |
Reference |
|
actinolite |
Titanite |
Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983 |
|
apatite |
Titanite |
The Journal of Gemmology 1981, Vol 17, N°8, p634 |
LOCALITIES
|
STONE |
LOCALITIES |
REFERENCE |
|||
|
Titanite |
|
Pattukaranur |
Tamil Nadu |
India |
Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p325 |
|
Titanite |
San Quintin |
Ensenada |
Baja California Norte |
Mexico |
http://www.thegemtrader.com |
|
Titanite |
Niaslo (Nieosla; Niesolo), Basha Valley (Basha Nala;
Basna) |
Skardu District |
Baltistan |
Pakistan |
Gems & Gemology 2010 Summer p152-153 |
|
Titanite |
Elahera |
Polonnaruwa |
Central Province |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p324 |
|
Titanite |
|
Galle |
Souther Province |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p324 |
|
Titanite |
Morawaka |
Matara |
Southern Province |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p324 |
|
Titanite |
Akuressa |
Matara |
Southern Province |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p324 |
|
Titanite |
Kataragama |
Monaragala |
Southern Province |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p324 |
|
Titanite |
Umba Valley |
Lelatema Mts |
Arusha Region |
Tanzania |
Gemmologie, 1997, Mar,p31 |
CHEMICAL DATA
(%)
|
Stone |
Colour |
Locality |
Reference |
SiO2 |
Al2O3 |
Mn |
MgO |
FeO |
TiO2 |
CaO |
Na2O |
Cr2O3 |
V2O3 |
Fe2O3 |
K2O |
|
|
Titanite |
emerald-green |
|
Baja California, Mexico |
The Journal of Gemmology 1981, Vol 17, N°6, p382 |
29.92 |
0.82 |
|
0.06 |
|
38.39 |
28.97 |
|
0.38 |
|
0.26 |
0.03 |
|
Titanite |
yellow-green |
|
Brazil |
The Journal of Gemmology 1981, Vol 17, N°8, p631 |
30.4 |
1.37 |
0.04 |
|
|
38.2 |
28.6 |
|
0.015 |
|
0.41 |
|
|
Titanite |
emerald green |
Chibougamau, Quebec |
Canada |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1997, Dec, p227 |
31.41 |
1.19 |
|
|
|
37.67 |
29.31 |
|
|
0.62 |
0.66 |
|
|
Titanite |
yellow-green |
|
Madagascar |
The Journal of Gemmology 1981, Vol 17, N°6, p382 |
29.87 |
1.21 |
0.23 |
0.09 |
|
37.63 |
28.63 |
0.02 |
0.21 |
|
0.6 |
0.03 |
|
Titanite |
emerald green |
|
Mexico |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1997, Dec, p227 |
29.92 |
0.82 |
|
0.06 |
|
38.39 |
28.97 |
|
0.38 |
|
0.26 |
0.03 |
|
Titanite |
emerald green |
Sarany, Ural Mts |
Russia |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1997, Dec, p227 |
29.91 |
0.98 |
|
0.02 |
0.02 |
38.74 |
27.34 |
0.09 |
0.53 |
|
|
0.02 |
|
Titanite |
emerald green |
Sarany, Ural Mts |
Russia |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1997, Dec, p227 |
31.49 |
1.1 |
|
0.25 |
0.95 |
36.51 |
27.77 |
|
0.64 |
|
|
|
|
Titanite |
honey-brown |
|
Sri Lanka |
The Journal of Gemmology 1981, Vol 17, N°8, p631 |
30.4 |
1.25 |
0.07 |
|
|
38.4 |
28.4 |
|
0.015 |
|
0.7 |
|
|
Titanite |
honey-brown |
|
Sri Lanka |
The Journal of Gemmology 1981, Vol 17, N°8, p631 |
30.4 |
1.11 |
0.04 |
|
|
38.6 |
28.7 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
Titanite |
dark brown |
|
Sri Lanka |
The Journal of Gemmology 1981, Vol 17, N°6, p382 |
29.92 |
0.85 |
|
0.17 |
|
38.61 |
28.53 |
0.4 |
|
|
0.45 |
0.03 |